Wild West Podcast

Pistols and Petticoats: How Five Women Rewrote Western History

Michael King/Brad Smalley

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Step back in time to the American frontier where five extraordinary women defied expectations and carved their names into history. 

The vast expanses of the American West weren't just shaped by cowboys and outlaws – they were transformed by women of remarkable courage, talent, and determination. Our journey begins with Annie Oakley, whose unparalleled sharpshooting skills captivated audiences worldwide while she maintained a carefully crafted feminine image that made her revolutionary talents acceptable to Victorian sensibilities. We contrast her approach with Calamity Jane, who boldly rejected feminine norms, embracing masculine attire and behavior to create opportunities in a world that offered women few paths to independence.

The notorious Belle Starr emerges as the compelling "Bandit Queen" whose practical buckskins, boots, and armed presence challenged conventional womanhood and captured public imagination through sensationalized stories that both celebrated and simplified her complex reality. We then explore Sacajawea's crucial but undercompensated contributions to westward expansion – her indigenous knowledge of plants, languages, and diplomacy proved essential to the Lewis and Clark expedition's survival, revealing how Native expertise enabled American colonization. Finally, Sarah Winnemucca's powerful advocacy illuminates indigenous resistance through her groundbreaking public speaking career and autobiography that challenged harmful stereotypes while navigating the precarious position of cultural mediator.

These women weren't merely passive witnesses to history – they were active architects of the American West, challenging our understanding of frontier life through their exceptional skills, defiance of restrictive norms, and tireless advocacy. Their stories reveal how media and mythology both elevated and constrained them, creating legends that sometimes overshadowed the complex realities of their lives. By examining these five remarkable women beyond the archetypes that often define them, we gain profound insights into female agency, resilience, and the multifaceted nature of fame in a transformative era. 

Don't miss our special announcement about the upcoming 65th annual Dodge City Days festival celebrating "Women of the West" – subscribe now to hear about exciting events leading up to this unforgettable celebration of Western heritage!

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"Edward Masterson and the Texas Cowboys," penned by Michael King, takes readers on an exhilarating ride through the American West, focusing on the lively and gritty cattle town of Dodge City, Kansas. This thrilling dime novel plunges into the action-packed year of Ed Masterson's life as a lawman, set against the backdrop of the chaotic cattle trade, filled with fierce conflicts, shifting loyalties, and rampant lawlessness. You can order the book on Amazon.

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get ready for an amazing tribute during the 65th annual dodge city days themed women of the west. To honor this year's theme, the western cattle trail association is excited to present echoes from the Frontier five women who shaped the narrative of the American West. This captivating six-part series will take you on a journey through the extraordinary lives of five remarkable women who transformed the history of the West. Don't miss this incredible opportunity to discover their inspiring legacies and find out why they are celebrated as some of the most influential figures of their time. Join us and be part of the tribute to trailblazing women who forged the way. The American West, a vast expanse that captivated the 19th century American imagination, stands as a beacon of transformation, rugged individualism and boundless opportunity. Yet it also represents a landscape marked by profound hardship, cultural collision and fiercely contested narratives. Within this rich tapestry, women emerged as influential figures, often overlooked or simplified by societal myths. The Western Cattle Trail Association highlights the lives and legacies of five renowned women of the American West Annie Oakley, martha Calamity, jane Canary, belle Starr, sokka Jouia and Sarah Winnemucca. By delving into their diverse experiences and the nature of their frame, this inquiry seeks to illuminate their complex contributions within this pivotal era of American history.

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The concept of fame for women in the Western context blossomed from various paths, often starkly contrasting with those available to their Eastern counterparts. Exceptional skills in traditionally male-dominated fields catapulted women into the public eye, while open defiance of stringent social and gender norms garnered significant attention. Their vital contributions to exploration, community building and literary and activist endeavors paved additional routes to recognition. Evers paved additional routes to recognition. The emerging popular media of the time, including dime novels and widely attended Wild West shows, played a crucial role in shaping and often embellishing the public images of these women. Figures like Annie Oakley Calamity, jane Belle Starr and Pearl Hart shattered the notion that life as a female pioneer was limited to domestic roles. Their challenge to conventional norms became a fundamental aspect of their public personas, even as their adventures were often romanticized by storytellers eager to satisfy the public's thirst for excitement.

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The celebrity attained by these Western women often wielded a double-edged sword. While granting them visibility and, in many cases, economic independence, it also risked reducing them to caricatures or romanticized archetypes. The romantization evident in popular media amplified their fame but obscured the intricate realities of their lives, personal struggles and true agency. For instance, the bandit queen persona attached to Belle Starr could overshadow the socioeconomic pressures that led her to choices and the harsh realities she faced within the justice system. A thorough examination of these remarkable women requires critical engagement with the sources of their fame, highlighting the distinction between historical reality and the legends that envelop them. The stories told and the reasons behind telling them reflect the societal fascinations and anxieties of their time.

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Moreover, the American West served as a unique stage for women to enact agency and gain public recognition that might have been largely unattainable in more conventional Eastern societies. Women like Calamity Jane boldly rejected traditional roles, while Annie Oakley forged a career many thought impossible for women. Belle Starr challenged the restrictive fashions and behaviors of her time and Sarah Winnemucca emerged as an influential public figure, advocating for her people on a national stage. The less rigid social structures of the frontier created spaces where unconventional skills and behaviors were sometimes celebrated. Calamity Jane's tough, rebellious spirit found acceptance in this vibrant environment. Yet this pursuit of agency and fame often involved significant risks and societal judgment. Bell Star's life was marked by confrontations with the law, culminating in her tragic death, while Sarah Winnemucca, despite her tireless advocacy, faced criticism and challenges within her own community. Thus the West emerged as a complex proving ground for women, offering pathways to unconventional fame and self-expression, while exposing them to heightened dangers and scrutiny. Their narratives collectively illuminated a relentless tension between liberation and vulnerability, a theme essential to understanding the multifaceted female experience on the American frontier.

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Annie Oakley, born Phoebe Ann Moses in 1860 to a family facing the harsh realities of poverty in Ohio, emerged from adversity with an extraordinary talent for shooting. What began as a means to support her struggling family soon set her apart in a world that often overlooked exceptional skills, exceptional skills. Her remarkable marksmanship earned her a prominent place in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show, a stage that propelled her to international fame. Audiences across America and Europe were captivated by her sharpshooting prowess, earning her the affectionate title of Little Sure Shot. What made Annie Oakley truly inspiring was not just her unparalleled talent but her artful public persona. A devoted Quaker, she embraced a feminine style of dress that embodied her values, often seen in a calf-length skirt. Modest long sleeves and fitted leggings created a signature look. This elegant presentation contrasted sharply with other Western figures like Calamity Jane, who adopted more rugged attire With her polished demeanor. Oakley revealed that extraordinary ability in a male-dominated field could harmoniously coexist with traditional femininity. Her mastery of firearms was executed with breathtaking precision, using them not as instruments of intimidation but as tools of her craft.

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Annie Oakley's career was revolutionary. She forged a path where few women dared to tread, became a powerful symbol of female capability and redefined women's roles in the Wild West. Oakley showcased women as fearless cowgirls brimming with audacity and talent, rather than relegating them to the roles of homemakers or saloon girls. Her dazzling performances inspired countless women, including figures like Pearl Hart, who were drawn to her sharpshooting skill and charisma. Oakley's carefully crafted public image demonstrated the fusion of exceptional talent and prevailing Victorian ideals of femininity. In an era where rigid gender roles defined expectations, a woman excelling in a masculine arena like sharpshooting might have been deemed scandalous. By adhering to feminine dress and decorum, oakley made her remarkable talent more acceptable, appealing to both men and inviting families and esteemed international dignitaries into her audience. This strategic management of her persona played a crucial role in securing her unprecedented global fame. Her journey illustrates a significant pathway for women seeking to thrive in male-dominated spheres, not through outright rebellion against gender norms, but skillfully negotiating them. While she expanded opportunities for women in public life and entertainment, oakley adeptly navigated the visual and behavioral standards of femininity to gain acceptance and recognition. This highlights women's nuanced strategies to maneuver through restrictive social frameworks, foster their agency and achieve acclaim. Ultimately, annie Oakley's fame stands as a testament to her extraordinary talent and her astute understanding of public perception and gender roles.

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Martha Canary, famously known as Calamity Jane, emerges as a remarkable symbol of the American West, embodying a tough, rebellious spirit. West embodying a tough, rebellious spirit. Her life unfolded like a vibrant tapestry, rich with threads of resilience, fearless gunslinging and captivating stories of her adventures. Clad in masculine attire, she navigated the rugged, male-dominated frontier, boldly, crafting a persona that defied the expectations of her time. Frontier, boldly crafting a persona that defied the expectations of her time. Born around 1852, jane's journey westward at just 13 years old, alongside her family, marked the beginnings of her extraordinary path. From her earliest days, she shattered traditional notions of womanhood, found joy in the company of men and embraced a thrill of hunting parties. Her vivid accounts reveal a reputation as a remarkably good shot and a fearless rider, showcasing formidable qualities rarely celebrated in women of her era. The evocative image of her, in all her male finery, was a powerful testament to her audacious spirit. Her exploits, an inspiring blend of fact and bold embellishment, crafted her into a legend.

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Calamity Jane gained recognition as a scout for the Army, donning a male uniform and challenging stereotypes as she faced conflicts with Native Americans, etching her name into the annals of frontier history. Her exceptional horseback riding skills outshone many male counterparts, complemented by a shooting talent that rivaled even the most seasoned cowboys. This growing notoriety led her to tour alongside Buffalo Bill, cody and Sitting Bull in the legendary Wild West show and solidified her place in the rich tapestry of popular folklore. Unlike Annie Oakley, who artfully balanced femininity with marksmanship, calamity Jane boldly embraced her masculine persona and a life steeped in rebellion and adventure. The incredible tales of her life became enshrined in Western lore, romanticized and exaggerated in dime novels of the time, and later depicted in films that celebrated the essence of the Wild West.

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Calamity Jane's enduring legacy is intricately woven from her deliberate performance of masculinity and frontier toughness. This cultivated persona resonated deeply with a public yearning for sensational stories from the heart of the frontier. In a harsh environment where traditional female roles offered little agency or opportunity, adopting masculine traits, whether in attire, behavior or skills, paved her path to independence and unique social capital. Skills paved her path to independence and unique social capital. This self-mythologizing evolved into a vital means of survival. Her image became a sought-after commodity, illustrated by her participation in Wild West shows that, thrived on public fascination with those who defied conventions, calamity. Jane's narrative exemplifies how individuals could artfully manipulate the growing myths of the West for personal growth and crafting a public persona. Her fame is a testament to her extraordinary ability to embody and market a specific frontier archetype. This insight suggests that the Wild West transcended geographical reality, existing as a constructed idea shaped by individuals like Jane and the vibrant audiences embracing their stories. Her legacy compels us to reconsider simplistic interpretations of frontier legends, inviting contemplation of their authenticity and the societal needs they fulfilled for the individuals who lived them and the public eager to consume their tales.

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Myra May Bell, shirley Reed Starr, affectionately known as Bell Starr, stood as an inspiring figure in the rich tapestry of American West history as its celebrated bandit queen. Her legacy is intertwined with infamous outlaws, including possible connections with Jesse James and the Younger Brothers, highlighting a life filled with daring adventures and resilience. Born in Missouri in 1848, bell's journey to Texas with her family set her on a path that defied convention and embraced the thrill of life on the edge. Bell Starr's character boldly challenged the restrictive norms of Victorian womanhood. Eschewing long, confining dresses, she chose practical buckskins and sturdy boots, often topped with a man's Stetson hat adorned with an ostrich plume, confidently brandishing her pistols. Legends of her spirited nature tell of a woman who, when not disguised as a man to partake in robberies, frequented saloons, enjoyed drinking and gambling and rode through the streets with fierce determination. After the tragic loss of her husband, jim Reed Bell made the difficult choice to entrust her children to relatives, deepening her commitment to a life pulsating with risk and resilience. Her journey was filled with confrontations with the law, accusations of organizing robberies and providing refuge for fugitives, showcasing her indomitable spirit. The dramatic conclusion of her life, a fateful shooting in 1889 as she rode home, only adds to the mystery and allure of her legacy. She rode home only adds to the mystery and allure of her legacy.

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Bell Starr's enduring image as the bandit queen draws strength from her fearless embrace of a gender-bending persona and her connections to notorious male outlaws, shining a light on her role in a time when such defiance was rare. While her involvement in unlawful endeavors like organizing robberies, as noted, her notoriety is often overshadowed by the more violent acts of her male counterparts. Her choice to don masculine attire, buckskins, boots and a Stetson hat, as well as her fearless display of firearms, challenged the limitations of Victorian femininity. The courageous defiance coupled with her connection to figures like Jesse James captivated the public's imagination, making her a compelling figure in the press and the dime novel industry. The era reflected a unique fascination with women who shattered societal norms and claimed their agency within a harsh, male-dominated world. Belle embodied the bandit queen archetype, enchanted audiences by inverting traditional female roles and presented a woman who was assertive, armed and unafraid to navigate the tumultuous landscape of outlaw life. Her story is both a cautionary tale and a powerful symbol of rebellion, illustrating the complex realities of a woman forging her path in turbulent times. The embellishments of her narrative reveal a society eager to uplift larger-than-life female figures, showcasing a culture grappling with evolving roles and the allure of the untamed frontier. Bell Stars' legacy is a testament to the powerful interplay of image and story in an era hungry for sensationalism, notably when women boldly stepped outside societal expectations.

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Sacajawea, a remarkable Lemhi Shoshone woman, played an essential role in one of America's most significant adventures the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804-1806. Born around 1788 in what is now Idaho, her early life was filled with turmoil. At just 12 years old, she was abducted by a Hidatsa raiding party and taken far from her homeland, eventually sold to Toussaint Carboneau, a French-Canadian fur trapper, whom she later married. Her life took a historic turn when Meriwether Lewis and William Clark arrived at the Hidatsa Mandan villages in the winter of 1804 and 1805. On their quest to chart a route to the Pacific Ocean, they needed guides and interpreters. To charter a route to the Pacific Ocean, they needed guides and interpreters. Carboneau agreed to help and Sacagawea, expecting a child, joined him.

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What started as a supportive role soon proved vital to the expedition's success. With her profound knowledge of local plants and wildlife, sacagaewia became the expedition's lifeline, helping them forage for food during grueling times. Her fluency in the Shoshone language was crucial when encountering Shoshone tribes where they desperately needed horses to traverse the daunting Rocky Mountains. In a powerful twist of fate, the chief of the band they met turned out to be her brother, a connection that smoothed negotiations and secured their passage. Moreover, sacagawea's calm presence during crises, like when she heroically rescued important documents from a capsized boat, showed her strength and reliability. Her role as a mother with her infant son, jean-baptiste, also sent a message of peace to the Native American tribes when they met, dispelling fears that the armed explorers were hostile threatening forces. Many have called her the secret to their success, a fitting title reflecting her indispensable contributions to their survival and goals.

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Tragically, despite her extraordinary efforts, sakajewiya was never formally compensated for her work. After the expedition, her life was cut short. She passed away in her mid-twenties. William Clark, who had grown fond of Sacagawea and her son, later adopted Jean-Baptiste and her daughter Lisette. With Sacagawea's pivotal assistance, the Lewis and Clark expedition opened up vast new territories and demonstrated the possibility of travel across the continent, setting the stage for the United States' westward expansion.

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Sakajewiya's contributions, often overshadowed or romanticized, illustrate the crucial yet frequently overlooked roles of indigenous knowledge and female diplomacy in the story of westward expansion. In the story of westward expansion, her understanding of the land, her linguistic skills and her calming influence as a woman with a child were forms of indigenous experience that the Euro-American explorers relied on. The fact that she received no payment for her invaluable services highlights the exploitive nature of these encounters, where profound assistance often went unrecognized. Her ability to navigate complicated cross-cultural interactions was vital to the expedition's success. Sakajewi's story serves as a powerful reminder that westward expansion was not just a tale of Euro-American triumphs, but also one rooted in the skills, labor and agency of Native peoples, particularly women. While her legacy has gained much recognition today, popular narratives have often cast her as passive or merely supportive. A deeper exploration reveals her as a formidable force making active choices against significant challenges. Her story urges us to rethink traditional pioneer narratives and acknowledge the foundational contributions of indigenous individuals whose knowledge was key to the very expansion that led to the dispossession and suffering of their peoples.

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Sarah Winnemucca, born Thokmatoni, meaning shellflower around 1844 near Humboldt Lake in what is now Nevada, emerged as a deeply influential figure among the northern Paiute. Throughout her life, she passionately advocated for her people during a time fraught with upheaval and injustice. Her family's legacy was significant within their community. Her grandfather, a Paiute chief, initially welcomed the white settlers, while her father remained more cautious, reflecting the complex dynamics of their experiences. During this tumultuous period, raised amidst both Paiute and Euro-American cultures, sarah became skilled in multiple languages, including English and Spanish, which enabled her to serve as an essential bridge between cultures. Her public life was characterized by her roles as an interpreter and negotiator, diligently working to mediate between various American Indian tribes and the US Army. During the challenging Indian Wars that followed the Civil War, sarah sought to encourage hesitant Paiute bands to relocate to reservations and worked tirelessly with military leaders to secure necessary supplies and protect reservation boundaries. And protect reservation boundaries. Her commitment to her people's well-being deepened when many northern Paiutes experienced starvation on the Pyramid Lake Reservation, victims of corrupt government agents who mishandled supplies intended for them. In response to this crisis, she courageously appealed to military leaders for support and became a military interpreter, demonstrating her unwavering dedication to her community. Sarah also contributed her talents to the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She was one of the first teachers at a school established on the Malheur Reservation in Oregon, seeking to empower her people through education.

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The forced removal of many Paiutes from the Malheur Reservation of 1878, despite their peaceful stance since the Bannock War, infused Winnemucca with a sense of urgency, pushing her to take more direct action. She embarked on an extensive career as a public speaker, delivering over 300 lectures across the country, primarily to white audiences. She shed light on the violence and hypocrisy surrounding westward expansion. Through her eloquent advocacy, she sought to educate her listeners about the rich history and culture of the Paiute, challenging the harmful narratives that often depicted indigenous people as savages. In 1880, her journey took her to Washington DC, where she met with key figures like Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz and President Rutherford B Hayes to advocate for the humane treatment of her tribe and their return to their ancestral homelands. Humane treatment of her tribe and their return to their ancestral homelands. Her most significant literary contribution arrived in 1883 with the publication of Life Among the Paiutes, their Wrongs and Claims, a groundbreaking work recognized as the first autobiography by a Native American woman in the United States. This powerful narrative provided a compelling voice for her community and called attention to their struggles.

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Winnemucca's legacy is rich and multifaceted. To connect with her predominantly white audience, she sometimes adopted the Indian Princess trope, an approach that reflected both her strategic acumen and the challenges she faced. While she often expressed trust in the United States soldiers she worked with, she was also unafraid to critique the hypocrisy of reformers and government agents working against her people's interests. Her tireless efforts did not always yield the hoped-for outcomes and her collaborations with white sponsors and setbacks in securing better conditions for her people led to moments of criticism within her community. Some viewed her role as an interpreter with skepticism, feeling she had compromised her own people's interests. In her later years she redirected her focus on education, establishing a school for Paiute children where she taught in both Paiute and English, demonstrating her belief in the transformative power of knowledge.

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Sarah Winnemucca's life is a profound testament to resilience in the face of the harsh realities of 19th century US colonialism. Utilizing her multilingual skills and cultural insights, she became a pioneering activist and author. Her experiences as an interpreter situated her in a unique, often precarious space, balancing influence with the suspicion of those wary of engaging with the US government. Her decision to share her story and advocate for her people in front of predominantly white audiences was a courageous move to humanize her community and champion their rights in an often unwelcoming environment. These strategies, born from necessity, also subjected her to scrutiny from parts of her own community. Illustrating the complex and often painful choices that Indigenous leaders had to navigate, winnemucca's journey exemplifies the incredible courage, resilience and intellectual effort involved in Indigenous resistance amid a time of severe dispossession and cultural assault. Her story invites us to rethink simplistic narratives of resistance versus collaboration, revealing the pragmatic, often heart-wrenching choices indigenous individuals made in their quest for survival and advocacy. Her groundbreaking literary work Life Among the Paiute stands as a courageous act of reclaiming the narrative, offering a poignant indigenous perspective on the suffering and injustices her people faced. Sarah Wanamuka's legacy calls for a deeper understanding and appreciation of history, reminding us of indigenous peoples' enduring strength and spirit.

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To conclude this podcast on Echoes from the Frontier Five Women who Shaped the Narrative of the American West we emphasize the significance of examining the lives of Annie Oakley Calamity, jane Belle, starr Sacagawea and Sarah Winnemucca, and how their stories reveal a rich tapestry of female experiences in the American West. These extraordinary women carved their names in history through remarkable talents, bold defiance of societal norms and relentless advocacy for justice, bravely navigating an era marked by profound transformation and formidable challenges. Era marked by profound transformation and formidable challenges. The interplay of public persona and media significantly influenced their rise to fame, often twisting their realities through a lens of myth and legend. It is essential to look beyond the archetypes that define them and appreciate the nuanced complexities of their lives, which were filled with hardships and choices that boldly challenged societal structures. Collectively, these women enriched the narrative of the American West, transforming it into a story not merely of exploration and conquest, but of spirited resilience and empowerment. They were not passive spectators, but active, vibrant participants, leaving an enduring legacy that resonates today. Their remarkable journeys encourage us to reflect on the multifaceted nature of fame and the diverse expressions of female agency, reminding us of the rich human experiences that define our shared history. Their stories continue to inspire thought and ignite discussions about the nuances of the American West, offering profound insights into the resilience of the human spirit.

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Mark your calendars for 10 unforgettable days this summer. The iconic invitation calls out to thrill-seekers, history enthusiasts and families to embrace the spirit of Dodge City Days. Enthusiasts and families to embrace the spirit of Dodge City Days From July 25th to August 3rd 2025, with an exciting kickoff on Thursday, july 24th. This legendary festival will transform the historic Queen of the Cowtowns into a vibrant celebration of Western heritage and modern joy. More than just an event, dodge City Days is the second largest community festival in Kansas, drawing over 100,000 eager attendees ready to experience the thrill of the Old West alongside the warmth of contemporary hospitality. Here, the dust of the cattle trails mingles with the irresistible aroma of barbecue. Rodeo cheers harmonize with live music and every corner reveals a new adventure, a living tribute to a captivating past that continues to inspire. This festival embodies the true identity of Dodge City. It highlights its famous Wild West persona and invites everyone to step back in time and create new memories. And invites everyone to step back in time and create new memories.

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In each episode of our podcast Echoes from the Frontier five women who shaped the narrative of the American West. We will reveal an exciting event leading up to this year's unforgettable Dodge City Days. Don't miss out on the excitement. Join us as we celebrate the incredible stories that have shaped the West. Check it out at the official Dodge City Days website at wwwdodgecitydaysorg or at the Western Cattle Trail Association events page at wwwwesterncattletrailassociationcom. Slash events. You.

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